By Jim Lewis��

Across much of the United States, storm shelters are no longer a future consideration for K–12 school districts. They are a present-day requirement, driven by evolving building codes, intensifying weather patterns and growing expectations that schools serve as community safe havens.��

In high-wind regions, especially across the Southeast, storm shelters sit at the intersection of life safety, schedule certainty and durability. The question is no longer whether to build them, but how to deliver shelters that meet stringent performance standards without disrupting project timelines.��

Projects like the storm shelter at Saraland High School in Saraland, Ala., reflect a broader shift in how districts approach severe weather resilience — and why many are turning to precast concrete to meet those demands.��

Codes, Compliance and Rising Expectations��

The regulatory framework surrounding storm shelters has tightened over the past decade. Under the International Building Code, K–12 schools classified as Group E occupancies with more than 50 occupants must include storm shelters in designated high-wind regions. These requirements reference ICC 500, the national standard for storm shelter design and construction, along with FEMA P-361 guidelines for life safety performance.��

These standards leave little margin for error. ICC 500-compliant shelters must withstand wind speeds up to 250 mph, equivalent to an EF-5 tornado. Meeting those demands requires close coordination among architects, structural engineers and construction partners.��

Storm shelters are one of the few building components where there is no partial credit. The structure either performs as designed under extreme load or it fails, and that failure is not something uncovered during routine inspection.

Because of that, owners are placing greater emphasis on documented performance. They want the same level of rigor in system selection that engineers apply in design, prioritizing proven outcomes over theoretical predictions.��

Precast Concrete’s Role in Life Safety Design��

Precast concrete continues to gain traction in storm shelter applications because it addresses both structural and logistical challenges. Manufactured in controlled environments, precast components provide consistent quality and tight tolerances — critical when designing for extreme wind and impact resistance.��

It also brings a clear schedule advantage. Panels can be produced concurrently with site work, and once delivered, installation moves quickly. That allows projects to reach enclosure sooner and keeps timelines aligned.��

In K–12 construction, that schedule certainty matters. Delays are not just inconveniences — they introduce risk. When a school does not open on time, districts face operational disruption, safety concerns and community pressure. Owners are not simply buying speed; they are investing in predictability. Precast offers a level of certainty where delivery, sequencing and performance are defined in advance, reducing the chance of downstream delays.��

Case Study: Saraland High School Storm Shelter��

In 2024, the Saraland City Board of Education initiated plans for a new storm shelter at Saraland High School to meet updated code requirements. Located in a high-risk wind zone along the Gulf Coast, the district prioritized durability, reliability and speed of delivery.��

The 17,894-square-foot facility, designed by McKee & Associates Architects and constructed by Waverly Construction of Alabama LLC, was built to protect students, staff and nearby residents during severe weather events.��

The project relied on a total precast concrete approach for its core structure. Components were manufactured off-site and delivered ready for installation, allowing erection to move quickly once foundations were in place.��

Installation began May 8, 2025, and the precast structure was erected in just three weeks. That timeline allowed other trades to mobilize earlier and helped the project stay aligned with strict K–12 scheduling requirements. The value extended beyond speed — owners could rely on a defined sequence and predictable outcomes from start to finish.��

Beyond Shelter: Flexibility and Future Use��

Modern storm shelters are rarely single-purpose spaces. Districts expect them to serve daily functions when not activated for emergencies, including gymnasiums, cafeterias, testing centers and community gathering spaces.��

Precast supports that flexibility. Panels can be customized to align with surrounding architecture, and interior layouts can be adapted for multiple uses. At Saraland High School, the shelter was designed with that versatility in mind, ensuring it remains an active part of campus life.��

Scalability is another advantage. Modular precast systems allow districts to expand capacity over time without starting from scratch, aligning long-term planning with enrollment growth and budget cycles.��

A Community Asset, Not Just a Compliance Measure��

As extreme weather events increase in frequency and severity, storm shelters are taking on a broader civic role. Many districts coordinate with municipalities to open school shelters to surrounding communities during emergencies.��

Properly designed shelters can significantly reduce tornado-related fatalities for those inside protected spaces. That reality reinforces why these structures are no longer viewed as optional upgrades, but as essential infrastructure.��

For K–12 leaders, storm shelters demand the same level of rigor as any critical building system. Material selection, delivery method and construction sequencing all carry life safety implications.��

Projects like the storm shelter at Saraland High School demonstrate how districts can meet those expectations while maintaining schedule control and design flexibility. As codes evolve and risks increase, storm-resilient construction will remain a defining factor in school design.��

Jim Lewis is a Registered Architect and Sales Manager at Tindall Corporation. This article was sponsored by Tindall Corporation. To learn more, visit .

The post Storm Shelters Move from Mandate to Mission in K–12 Design appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Storm Shelters Move from Mandate to Mission in K–12 Design appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By��Valerie Peterson, AIA, LEED AP, and Alison Andrews, AIA��

��have sparked debate about how students with disabilities are supported in schools. As the Department of Health and Human Services takes oversight of special education and the Department of Justice assumes school civil rights enforcement, some advocates worry special education could shift from supporting how students learn to managing students’ disabilities separately.��

This raises an important question for school district leaders: How do buildings make students with disabilities feel like they belong?��

Regardless of how policy evolves, districts control how students experience support. Design determines whether special education programming is connected to peer groups or pulled out to spaces that isolate students from their school community. Over decades of experience designing special education space, Wold Architects & Engineers has learned to prioritize belonging, then layer in spaces, equipment, and safeguards students need to participate in an equitable school experience.��

Integrate Special Education��Into��School Life��

Special education classrooms, especially in aging schools, are often isolated from the rest of the building or too small to support students and staff, reinforcing separation, even when the district’s goal is inclusion.��

Planning should begin with the full��student day: where students start and end, how they move through the building and what they need to receive instruction and intervention. When specialized support connects to the rhythm of the school, transitions become easier physically and emotionally. Students with disabilities have better access to general education activities, fewer��disruptions��and more natural peer interaction. Their��peers��benefit, too. Familiarity builds acceptance, helping reduce��the isolation��and misunderstanding that can contribute to bullying.����

Make Support Accessible Without Singling Students Out��

Inclusion does not mean every student needs the same space or schedule. Some students need calming rooms, toileting support, therapy spaces, small-group��areas��or controlled sensory environments.����

The key is making support accessible without making students feel removed from the school community.��Specialized classrooms should be located��near�� shared��learning areas when appropriate. Small-group and sensory spaces should be easy to reach without requiring students to travel long, highly visible routes that feel isolating. Wayfinding should make resources clear and approachable, not��hidden��or confusing.��

Available resources also serve students beyond those receiving special education support. Small-group rooms, calming spaces and flexible furniture are shown to support focus,��regulation��and learning for all.��

Help Staff Help Students��

Special education spaces affect how students regulate, communicate, receive��care��and��participate. Calming rooms, small-group rooms, flexible furniture, adjustable lighting, acoustic control, durable finishes, accessible toileting rooms, changing tables, lifts and care areas are easy to treat as technical requirements. But students and staff experience these details every day.��

A restroom too small for��assistance��can compromise dignity. A sensory room too far from the classroom can incite dysregulation and delay relief. Poor acoustics can complicate focused instruction. An undersized room can force staff to��improvise around��equipment.��

These features support students’ comfort, safety and independence while giving teachers, paraprofessionals and related service providers spaces that match their daily routines. That is why special education staff should be part of planning conversations early: they understand where the day breaks down and which small design decisions make support more effective.��

How Existing Buildings Work Harder for Today’s Needs��

Many districts are supporting today’s special education needs inside buildings designed decades ago, based on outdated expectations for inclusion and accessibility. Renovation is an opportunity to ask if a building can support how services are delivered now.��

Capacity counts do not answer that question. Wold Architects & Engineers has seen many Districts experiencing a decline in overall enrollment while the number of students in special education programming more than doubles. With special education classrooms typically requiring a smaller student-to-staff ratio, specialized equipment and access to support spaces, the classrooms no longer utilized for general education may not accommodate the shift in building programming.��

For example, a former general education classroom may need different adjacencies, privacy, breakout space, storage, acoustic��control��or access to nearby care and therapy areas to function well. Without those considerations, renovation may add space while leaving the core service challenges unresolved.����

Facilities teams should evaluate the number of students a building serves and what support spaces they need. That lens can help districts prioritize the most meaningful interventions, especially when budgets do not allow for replacement or major additions.����

Design��Around��Belonging��

Districts do not need to wait for policy clarity to make better decisions inside their buildings.��They can bring special education teams into planning discussions early, map the student day before assigning rooms and plan adjacencies to support access and inclusion.��

Specialized support does not have to separate students from their peers. When schools are designed around belonging, students with disabilities can access the spaces, relationships and��supports��they need to��participate��more fully in their community and thrive.��

, AIA, LEED AP, and��, AIA, are education practice leaders at����who work with school districts to align planning,��programming��and design with the needs of students,��staff��and communities.��

The post Designing Schools Where Special Education Students Belong appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Designing Schools Where Special Education Students Belong appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Darien Clary��

It’s a late afternoon in May, and the Texas heat settles over the city like a heavy blanket, taxing aging HVAC systems. Inside, students collaborate on projects, teachers guide discussions, and campuses work hard to maintain the comfortable learning environments as rising temperatures place growing demands on buildings and infrastructure. The Austin Independent School District (Austin ISD) is working to ensure these environmental factors do not limit a student’s potential. Through its bond programs, the district isn’t just building classrooms, it’s creating sustainable learning environments with clean air, efficient cooling, natural light, and shaded outdoor areas so students can stay focused and ready to thrive.��

Sustainability is a driving force behind Austin ISD’s mission to prepare every student with the knowledge and skills to thrive in college, career and life. The district’s schools sit at the center of Austin’s most pressing environmental challenges, including extreme heat, air quality, equitable access to green space and the responsible use of limited public resources. Austin ISD approaches sustainability as a shared responsibility — one that supports student learning, environmental stewardship and community well-being.��

Make Sustainability a Non-Negotiable��

Too often, sustainability is approached as a “nice-to-have” instead of a fundamental part of building performance, which can make features targets for cuts with tight budgets. A solution to this can be found in Austin ISD’s Educational Specifications (Ed Specs), a board-approved document defining what every modernized campus must be. Every major construction project under the 2017 and 2022 Bond Programs must pursue Austin Energy Green Building (AEGB) and/or LEED certification. Additionally, the Ed Specs mandate 100% LED lighting with daylight sensors, energy-efficient HVAC, water-efficient fixtures, solar-ready roofs, and outdoor learning environments. When board members approved the Ed Specs, they made sustainability non-negotiable.��

Let the Community Define Sustainability��

Green building standards set the bar for resource efficiency and building performance, but sustainability is ultimately about people. Austin ISD centers a simple question: sustainable for whom? By working with the community, the district ensures every student has access to healthy, high-performing and inspiring learning environments that work for them.��

To do this, Austin ISD convenes a Campus Architectural Team (CAT) composed of teachers, parents, students and community members for every modernization project. They are co-designers, and what they know about their community shapes decisions no energy model can account for: which outdoor spaces will actually be used for learning, how a building should feel to the people spending their days inside it and what community values can be reflected in the design.��

An example of this process is designed by Perkins&Will. From the beginning, the CAT brought together staff, students, families, and alumni of the original L.C. Anderson High School, a cornerstone of East Austin’s African American community until its closure in 1971. What emerged is more than a high-performing building. Historic materials were salvaged and re-integrated, spaces like the original cafetorium were reimagined for modern learning, and the story of L.C. Anderson lives on through galleries. Paired with daylighting, efficient systems and reduced water use, the result is a school that reflects environmental responsibility and sustains cultural continuity.��

What It Looks Like in Practice��

At , designed by PBK Architects and modernized as part of the 2017 Bond Program, every dollar saved on energy is a dollar that stays focused on students, inside the classroom. Govalle now uses less energy per square foot than 95% of schools in the nation, according to data collected by the . That performance is driven by high-efficiency HVAC, a well-insulated building envelope and LED lighting paired with daylighting sensors. Heritage trees were preserved to cool the schoolyard and also help mitigate heat-island effect. Enhanced ventilation, high-efficiency air filtration, and low-emitting materials support strong indoor air quality, ensuring that efficiency gains also translate into healthier spaces.����

Govalle’s results are not isolated. Across the district, Austin ISD has avoided $15.4 million in energy costs and $6.7 million in water and wastewater costs since 2017 through sustainable design and resource conservation.��

Darien Clary is the Director of Sustainability, Energy & Environment at Austin ISD.

The post From Aspiration to Standard: How Austin ISD Builds Sustainable Schools appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post From Aspiration to Standard: How Austin ISD Builds Sustainable Schools appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Justin Sinnott

With decades of local experience and a diverse portfolio, Erickson-Hall Construction Co. continues to set the standard for building world-class educational facilities across Southern California. And while summer typically signals a quiet period on school campuses, this is when the San Diego-based firm steps into its busiest, high-energy season: the annual “Summer Sprint.”��

During a tight, eight-week window, Erickson-Hall delivers major infrastructure improvements across multiple district sites before the school year begins. By making the most of the summer months, Erickson-Hall��is able to��upgrade campuses with minimal disruption to students and staff. As the firm gears up for another summer sprint in 2026, it is building off the momentum of several recently completed milestone projects. These large-scale builds��showcase��Erickson-Hall’s deep��expertise��in design-build, construction��management��and multi-phase modernizations.��

Erickson-Hall’s delivery of brand-new Upper Athletic Fields at Beverly Hills High School in March marked a major milestone in Beverly Hills Unified School District’s multi-phased campus transformation. This ambitious design-build project required upgrading aging recreational infrastructure while carefully��maintaining��the school’s historic character. The scope of work included the construction of brand-new tennis courts, a lighted softball field, comprehensive utility improvements,��retaining��walls and a permanent modular restroom building — delivering a dynamic environment for the district’s 3,300 students.��

With a similar focus on multi-use athletic spaces, Erickson-Hall also unveiled the��state-of-the-art��Wiseburn Sports Complex for Wiseburn Unified School District in April. Designed to function as both an athletic engine for student-athletes and a cornerstone for local youth sports organization events, the complex integrates fields for Little League baseball, high school��softball��and youth soccer. More than upgrades to playing surfaces, the scope of work extended to player and spectator amenities, including new dugouts, batting cages, scoreboards, upgraded parking and a full concession building with modern restrooms. These facilities are backed by heavy infrastructure upgrades including underground utilities, irrigation,��fencing��and low-voltage systems.����

Shifting focus from athletics to the arts, in April, Erickson-Hall also cut the ribbon on a new Center for the Arts at Hesperia High School in San Bernardino County. This project��represented��a significant investment in the school’s arts education, providing modern, high-capacity spaces designed for student learning, professional��development��and community engagement. At the heart of this 40,500-square-foot versatile hub is a 500-seat performance stage and a flexible multi-purpose area. To accommodate the new facility, the project team also managed broader campus adjustments, including the relocation of existing tennis courts, alongside landscaping and surrounding site improvements to enhance the general campus environment.��������

The seamless delivery of these projects highlights Erickson-Hall’s strong focus on preconstruction and early planning. Engaging corporate expertise early provides school districts and civic leaders with��constructibility��reviews and cost-saving strategies that eliminate expensive surprises and delays down the road.����

Ultimately, navigating these complex, multi-phase builds��requires��deep trust and transparent communication among owners,��architects��and subcontractors. As an employee-owned company, this collaborative spirit is built directly into Erickson-Hall’s culture. Every team member has a stake in the firm’s success, translating a personal commitment to quality into tangible, high-efficiency results for clients.������

This dedication to community-driven excellence is fully on display as Erickson-Hall works on this year’s Summer Sprint, which is well underway. The firm is carrying this momentum forward to build the next generation of spaces where Southern California communities can thrive.��

About Erickson-Hall Construction Co.��

Celebrating 28 years of excellence in the construction industry, Erickson-Hall is a recognized industry leader,��having completed��over $4.9 billion in successful construction projects, of which $4.3 billion has been for K-12 and higher education developments.����The employee-owned company has been serving the Southern California markets of San Diego, Imperial, Orange, South Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties since 1998. Services include preconstruction, general contracting, construction management, design-build, progressive design-build, design assist-build, lease-leaseback��and program management for educational, fire, essential services, civic, parks, recreation, faith-based, office and healthcare facilities. The company has an award-winning portfolio of completed projects and has received��numerous��awards for safety. For more information, visit��. Find us on LinkedIn and follow us on Instagram and Facebook.���� ��

Justin Sinnott is Vice President of Corporate Services��at Erickson-Hall Construction.����

See this article featured in the Design & Construction issue of 91ԭƬ, available now.

The post Building the Future: Erickson-Hall Construction Co. Delivers Multiple Major Southern California Campus Transformations and Kicks Off ‘Summer Sprint’ appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Building the Future: Erickson-Hall Construction Co. Delivers Multiple Major Southern California Campus Transformations and Kicks Off ‘Summer Sprint’ appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Jennifer Tulley

A place where movement, reflection, and community converge, the new Wellness, Athletic��& Aquatics��Center for Convent & Stuart Hall, designed by TEF, advances the mission of a Sacred Heart education through its focus on students’ total development.����Centrally located along one of the City’s major east west corridors, the 66,000-square-foot, four-story complex is designed to integrate wellness into the daily life of roughly 1,200 students from kindergarten to 12th grade, while expanding athletic, physical education and gathering spaces for the school community.����

Founded in 1887, Convent & Stuart Hall is an independent K-12 school rooted in the Sacred Heart tradition of Catholic education, offering an educational model that��utilizes��both single-sex and coeducational learning environments. Across all grade levels, instruction is anchored by a common curricular commitment to educating the whole student: “mind, body and spirit.” Expanding the school’s athletic facilities to meet current and future program demands is an institutional initiative focused on elevating students’ physical and holistic development. Together, these pedagogical and strategic goals, along with a sensitivity to the compelling student mental health crisis nationwide, led to the project’s conceptualization.��

Maximizing Program on a Constrained Site��

Despite the fortune of finding a location roughly within a mile of the school’s two campuses, with front door access to public transit, a number of notable site constraints added to the project’s complexity. The Center had to be designed around an existing two-story mixed-used building at the northeast corner of the property.����The rest of the site, occupied by a concrete structure originally designed as a car showroom, proved infeasible for reuse, given the compact site and substantial scale of the project’s main program components: a gymnasium and natatorium, stacked one above the other, as well as educational spaces.��

The new Center is organized around these three program zones. The partially-below grade natatorium supports swim instruction for all ages, with aquatics programming including competition swimming, water polo, and more. Above it, the double height gymnasium provides a collegiate-size court and seating for more than 500 spectators.����Instructional spaces — for fitness, nutrition, meditation and wellness education — are adjacent to the gym. In addition, an enclosed rooftop turf field further expands the school’s athletic program. ��

The sloped site, while not uncommon to the City’s infamous topography, also affected the entry elevation and exiting strategy. The natatorium was carefully designed to be sufficiently below grade in order to meet code-requirements for ground-level egress of younger students, with three general exits at pool level and two additional stairs dedicated to kindergarten through second grade students.����

Harnessing Daylight��

Natural light was a critical priority. Studies continue to validate the importance of daylight to improving sleep, concentration, physical performance, and overall well-being of students and athletes alike. Ample glazing across the building’s entire north, street-front facade brings abundant daylight into the building. Its expression of horizontal bands — featuring a meaningful pattern language of glass and aluminum panels on the first and third levels — articulate the Center’s three primary program zones, while providing a balance of visibility and privacy. Glazing along the interior walls

overlooking the gymnasium and natatorium also pull essential daylight into the large internal volumes, the latter enhanced by��additional��skylights along the west side of the building. Educational spaces are strategically��located��along the building’s perimeter to maximize exposure to daylight and the surrounding neighborhood.������

Generous circulation corridors featuring furniture and seating options encourage informal human connection while flexible academic spaces��support a��variety of social activities.����

Nurturing Connection and Belonging��

Transparency also plays a key role in connecting the life of the school to the city and students to each other. According to the , creating an environment where students feel seen, included, and part of a community is essential to supporting mental health and��well being. The welcoming lobby, flexible gathering areas, and range of uses are some of the design features that reduce isolation and strengthen social relationships that are closely tied to emotional well-being, resilience, and school engagement.��

The Center’s built-in flexibility, to accommodate large assemblies and informal gatherings, strengthens connections across the student body and the broader school community. Generous circulation zones integrate a variety of furniture and seating options to encourage informal interaction and peer support, while visual and physical connection through transparency between major program spaces facilitate shared experiences. Providing an array of spaces for diverse modes of interaction was also a priority. Spaces like the classroom with a demonstration kitchen and the studio for yoga, dance, and meditation provide students with a multitude of options. When students can choose how and where to connect, the building can support individual social confidence and community building. ��

Environmentally Responsible, Connected to Nature��

The LEED Gold targeted, all electric building leverages biophilic and sustainable design strategies to��optimize��student health.��The design team prioritized biophilic warmth��through the use of��wood and organic forms in the development of the Center’s interiors.��Curved walls intuitively guide circulation around major program areas, and a muted, nature-inspired color palette, originating from nearby landscape elements including ocean, sand, and��sky, support��a calm backdrop to the diverse activity within the building.��������

Indoor air quality, essential to health and comfort – and a notorious design challenge for natatoriums across the city’s microclimates — was a critical factor. A robust mechanical and electrical system exhausts chloromines from the deck level and leverages heat recapture, to warm the pool only at night, allowing it to gradually cool down during the day to conserve energy. Additional green features include solar panels, two bioretention areas, one elevated on the first floor, as well as rooftop plantings to slow stormwater drainage. The majority of interior materials are red list free or approved and have EPDs (environmental product declarations) and/or HPDs (health product declarations). ��

The project is slated for��completion��2029.����

Jennifer Tulley is Principal In Charge at TEF Design.

The post An��Urban Wellness, Athletics & Aquatics Hub in San Francisco Centers Mind, Body and Spirit�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post An��Urban Wellness, Athletics & Aquatics Hub in San Francisco Centers Mind, Body and Spirit�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Lindsey Coulter��

School restrooms have long been viewed as purely functional spaces, but educators, architects and administrators are increasingly recognizing that��restroom design can��have an outsized impact on safety,��wellness��and the overall student��experience. Rather than focusing solely on gender inclusion, many districts are rethinking restroom design as an opportunity to improve comfort,��privacy��and supervision��for all users.��

That shift is prompting architects to move beyond traditional multi-stall restroom layouts in favor of designs that create greater openness in shared spaces while offering significantly more privacy where students need it most.��Prompted in part by the AIA’s��“Inclusive restrooms & locker rooms in K-12 schools” report��from��2024,��more education leaders and design partners are��reimagining��these critical spaces to offer��a more dignified approach to the traditional��restroom��experience��that also nets��better student health outcomes.��

Rethinking the Restroom��

According to Joel Williams,��Studio Director for Quattrocchi Kwok Architects (QKA) in the firm’s Castle Rock, Colo., office,��the conversation has evolved well beyond accommodating specific student populations.��

“Restrooms are one of the most challenging spaces on a school campus,��from the student��experience standpoint and from the supervision standpoint,” Williams said. “It’s not a space��that��administrators can easily moderate. The bad stuff that happens on��a campus��often happens in a restroom.”��

For Williams, the discussion begins with a simple question: Are school restrooms actually serving students?��He often��references Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs when discussing restroom design with��education��clients.��Before students can fully engage academically, they must first feel physically safe and comfortable meeting their most basic needs.��

“Having things like air, food, water, shelter, sleep and clothing are foundational, and I think bathrooms fit in that layer,” Williams said.��“When students��avoid��using��the bathroom at school, that’s a very clear sign that it’s a problem.”��

Stakeholder engagement sessions reinforce that conclusion. When Williams asks students,��parents��and teachers to describe school restrooms, the responses��often include words such as “smelly,” “dirty,” “dark,”��and��“sketchy.”��Vaping,��bullying��and general discomfort are��also��recurring concerns.��

Balancing Privacy��With��Supervision��

The greatest design challenge lies in balancing two competing priorities: creating��enough��privacy for students while��maintaining��enough visibility to discourage inappropriate behavior.��Rather than hiding the entire restroom behind a single door, many newer concepts shift openness deeper into��the space. Shared handwashing areas become visible from adjacent corridors, while individual toilet rooms are enclosed with full-height walls and doors��for more visual and acoustic privacy.����

Because the shared areas��remain��visible, staff members no longer��have to��enter enclosed restroom spaces to��monitor��activity. Students moving in and out naturally create��additional��accountability, while security cameras can��monitor��circulation zones without compromising privacy inside the toilet rooms.��

The approach also addresses newer concerns such as digital bullying. Traditional partitions leave gaps above, below and beside stalls that can expose occupants to unwanted photography or harassment. Full-height compartments��largely eliminate��those vulnerabilities.��

Small Details Can Improve Comfort��

Beyond the overall layout, Williams believes��seemingly minor��design decisions can significantly improve the user experience.��Things like��door hardware��and��occupancy��indicators��to reassure users that the door is secured��contribute to reducing anxiety.����

Accessibility is another opportunity to improve restroom functionality.��

Williams advocates��for��including sinks within larger accessible toilet rooms. While originally intended to serve wheelchair users, these spaces can also provide��additional��privacy for students dealing with medical conditions, menstrual��hygiene��or other personal needs.��

“It’s about providing space that accommodates other people who need whatever special considerations they may have on that particular visit,” Williams said. “That’s an example of how we can make these spaces better for��everybody.”��

Read the full article in the Design & Construction issue of 91ԭƬ, available now.

The post A Better Bathroom for Everyone: Why Schools Are Moving Toward Inclusive Restroom Design�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post A Better Bathroom for Everyone: Why Schools Are Moving Toward Inclusive Restroom Design�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Lindsey Coulter��

HMC Architects��recently welcomed��Oliver Nicolas��to��the firm’s PreK-12 practice as��Principal-in-Charge.��

With a dual foundation in architecture and civil engineering,��Nicolas��brings more than 23 years of experience delivering impactful PreK–12, healthcare, and residential projects. He also spent��six years at a structural engineering firm and as a specification sales representative for a wood manufacturing company, giving him a comprehensive perspective on efficiently managing and delivering school construction projects.����

“My background gives me a unique perspective on design and delivery,” Nicolas said. “Understanding structural engineering and��available materials influences how I view��a space. Everything we design must be buildable, so as I design,��I’m��already thinking about how structural and architectural elements will be attached and how important detailing is in construction.”��

Based in the firm’s Ontario, Calif.,��studio, Nicolas will work closely with district clients across Southern California, ensuring strong collaboration and��a seamless��client experience. Drawing on more than two decades of experience guiding projects from design through construction administration and certification, he will provide strategic oversight to align project goals with client priorities throughout the project lifecycle.��

Nicolas spoke with 91ԭƬ��about��regional trends, how districts are��approach��deferred maintenance projects and��how��early collaboration can help��prevent problems later in the project lifecycle.��

SCN:��What makes working within an existing school building particularly challenging,��and where do you see the greatest opportunities for creative design?��

Nicolas:��Renovations challenge designers because existing buildings impose strict��parameters. We��must deliver��everything the client needs within��a��confined space.��I��once worked with a healthcare client to��develop��a tiny��ADA��code-compliant single-user restroom. Due to space limitations, we��couldn’t��expand��and��had to find every��opportunity��to��meet code��within the tight space.��Schools face these��same��challenges,��and��I��find that the spaces that seem the��smallest��are the��most challenging��to work��within yet��provide��amazing opportunities for success.��

SCN:��Across Southern California, what are you hearing��most��frequently��from school districts about their facility needs and priorities right now?��

Nicolas:��Our��district clients are most��concerned about��declining enrollment and how��to��repurpose��underutilized or aging spaces.��Schools don’t��want to��sell��extra��property,��finding new uses for these spaces��will be��one of the biggest challenges, and opportunities, for��school architects��in the near future.��Districts are also��exploring��ways to serve diverse community needs with workforce housing, wellness spaces, and other shared use spaces.��This��approach��raises��important questions about��after-school access,��operations��and maintenance��—��and how to open��the campus to the��wider��community��while��maintaining��student safety.����

SCN:��Many districts are balancing aging facilities and deferred maintenance with limited funding. How should districts think strategically about modernization versus new construction?��

Nicolas:��Before a district focuses on repurposing underutilized or aging spaces,��it should��start with a��comprehensive,��long-term��facilities��masterplan. The planning process should��evaluate��each school site��in its full context, considering��existing conditions,��educational adequacy, adaptability, and total cost of ownership, rather than relying solely on a building’s age.����Modernization is often a smart investment when��a��structure has good bones and can be transformed��to meet the��district’s needs. New construction should be considered��when the existing site��or building limitations prevent the district from achieving its goals.��

SCN:��What are some of the biggest misconceptions about what can��—��or cannot��—��be��accomplished��within an existing school building or site?��

Nicolas:��The��biggest misconceptions about working within an��existing��space are��that��it is��expensive or��tearing it down��is easier.��However,��I’ve��seen that working within an��existing��space��often costs less,��promotes��sustainability,��and��produces��magnificent learner-focused spaces. Architects��can��make something out of��anything. If��the district has a vision,��architects are savvy enough to��come up with��a solution.��When��we think creatively and look at a space in its full context,��we can��always��come up with��something��that achieves the client’s vision.����

SCN:��With your experience on the construction and materials side, what are some of the decisions architects and districts can make earlier in the process that have the greatest impact on cost,��constructability��and schedule?��

Nicolas:��It’s��important that architects and designers understand that cost escalation is a major��issue, and��we must��deliver the project sooner��rather��than later��to help clients save time and money.��It’s��important to find the right balance of��the program,��materials��and construction type.��For example,��I know��building��with��wood��might present��an��up-front��savings��compared to steel.��However,��with an efficient design and construction strategy, steel can��also help��reduce��timelines and��the��overall budget.��When��we��involve��every voice��—��districts,��community��and builders��—��early in��our thought process,��we can��speed up the��process��and create a visionary project on time and within budget.����

SCN:��How can architects improve collaboration among districts, contractors,��engineers��and other project partners early enough to prevent problems later in the project lifecycle?��

Nicolas:��At HMC Architects,��we engage clients��and partners in��a��multi-day��immersive design process.��During the day,��we host interactive workshops��and brainstorming sessions��with��all interest holders.��After hours,��our��design team��works on��a��preliminary��design based on��these conversations. We��reconvene with the full team��to��refine the design.��This approach��allows us to resolve��issues that often take weeks or months to settle in a week or less.��When we bring��everyone together��early,��we��see��the��best solutions to problems,��identify��previously unrecognized��opportunities, and allow��everyone to see the project develop in real��time.����

The post HMC Architects’ Oliver Nicolas on Regional Trends,��Deferred Maintenance and��Early Collaboration appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post HMC Architects’ Oliver Nicolas on Regional Trends,��Deferred Maintenance and��Early Collaboration appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Michael��Bucalo, President & Owner, Friedrich Watkins Construction��

Higher education campuses rarely have the luxury of shutting down for construction. Libraries remain filled with students preparing for exams. Faculty continue teaching and conducting research. Staff maintain daily operations. Yet across the country, colleges and universities are investing heavily in modernizing aging facilities to meet evolving academic, technological and student needs.��

For contractors and campus leaders alike, the challenge is no longer simply completing a project on time and within budget. Success is measured by how well construction teams minimize disruption while��maintaining��a safe, functional environment for everyone who continues to use the building.��Working on occupied educational facilities has reinforced an important lesson: construction planning must begin with the people who rely on��the space��every day.��

Start With the Campus Experience��

Every educational facility serves a different purpose. A library operates differently than a science building, student union, or athletic facility. Before construction begins, project teams should understand how students, faculty, visitors and staff interact with the building throughout the day.��

Questions such as peak occupancy times, critical academic schedules, special events, and accessibility concerns should all be addressed during preconstruction planning — not after work begins.��When contractors understand how a building functions, they can develop phasing plans that reduce unnecessary interruptions and allow the institution to continue��operating��as smoothly as possible.��

Communication Is as Important as Construction��

One of the most overlooked aspects of occupied campus renovations is communication.��

Project owners, facilities teams, contractors, subcontractors, faculty, and campus leadership all need clear expectations before work begins. Regular updates help minimize confusion, reduce frustration and allow departments to prepare for temporary changes.��

Simple communication tools, including weekly planning meetings, updated construction schedules, clear signage, and designated points of contact often prevent small issues from becoming significant operational challenges.��The goal is not only to keep the project moving but also to��maintain��confidence among everyone affected by the work.��

Safety Extends Beyond the Jobsite��

Occupied campuses require contractors to think differently about safety.��Unlike a closed construction site, universities have thousands of students, faculty, visitors, and staff moving through adjacent spaces each day. Construction activities must account for pedestrian traffic, emergency access, deliveries, accessibility routes and changing campus schedules.��

Safety planning should include more than OSHA compliance. It should focus on protecting the campus community while allowing construction activities to��proceed��efficiently. Thoughtful��logistics��planning, secure work zones, dust and noise mitigation, and close coordination with campus facilities departments all contribute to a safer project.��

Flexibility Is Essential��

No occupied project unfolds exactly as planned.��Academic��calendars shift. Campus events��are��added. Deliveries change. Building occupants��identify��unforeseen needs after construction begins.��

Successful contractors recognize that flexibility is not a disruption to the��process,��it is part of the process.��Teams that communicate early, adapt quickly, and remain focused on solutions rather than obstacles create stronger partnerships with their clients and��ultimately deliver��better outcomes.��

Success Means More Than Completing the Project��

Construction teams naturally focus on schedules, budgets, and quality. Universities measure success a little differently.��

• Did students continue learning with minimal disruption?��
• Did faculty remain productive?��
• Did campus operations continue safely?��
• Did communication remain proactive throughout the project?��

The answers to those questions often��determine��whether a contractor becomes a long-term partner rather than simply completing a single project.��

Building Relationships Alongside Buildings��

As higher education institutions continue investing in renovations and modernization, contractors have an opportunity to become more than builders.��They can become partners who understand campus operations, anticipate challenges before they occur and deliver projects that support the institution’s broader mission.��

The most successful educational construction projects are not remembered because construction happened.��They are remembered because learning never stopped.��

Mike��Bucalo��is the President and Owner of Friedrich Watkins Construction of Tampa.��Learn more by visiting��.

The post Modernizing Higher Education Campus Facilities Without Interrupting Learning appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Modernizing Higher Education Campus Facilities Without Interrupting Learning appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Erin Bellis, Senior Manager of Security Products & Specifications, McGrory Glass Systems

In K-12 school architecture, a shift is occurring. For years, school-safety discussions focused on reactive, visible reinforcements. The immediate response to security threats involved retrofitting schools with steel bars, security��shutters��and windowless concrete entryways. While these measures��were intended��to protect, they��frequently��transformed centers of learning into cold, institutional spaces. Today, educational architects and school districts recognize that physical security must coexist with a student’s psychological well-being.��

The mandate for school construction requires achieving life-safety protection while preserving an open,��transparent��and welcoming environment. This balance is known as Human-Centered Design��(HCD). By prioritizing daylighting, clear lines of sight, and biophilic connections, architects can foster an atmosphere where students focus on academics. Central to this design philosophy is the implementation of “invisible hardening”��—��advanced security glazing systems engineered to withstand physical and ballistic attacks while��remaining��indistinguishable from standard architectural glass.��

“We can make almost any space secure, but if you’re not careful, it can end up looking like a jail,” says Chad Snyder,��Senior��Director of the��Security��Division at McGrory Glass. “That challenge has forced manufacturers to develop security glazing that performs like a hardened product but��doesn’t��have to be installed in heavy, industrial-looking hollow-metal frames. Instead, these products can work in aluminum storefront systems and other framing while still providing attack resistance.”��

Two recent elementary school projects��demonstrate��how specialized glazing fabrication transforms security from an imposing obstacle into a protective layer of a��building’s��envelope.��

Unifying History and Security: DCPS Truesdell Elementary School��

In Washington, D.C., the modernization of DCPS Truesdell Elementary School presented an architectural challenge. Designed by VMDO Architects, the project required unifying historic 1920s structures with high-performance modern additions. The school needed to create an environment that felt open and connected to the surrounding��community, yet��structurally prepared for unauthorized��breach��attempts.��

To bridge the gap between life safety and aesthetic transparency, the design team��utilized��McGrory Glass’����security glazing. Engineered specifically for high-traffic educational environments, this attack-resistant glass features a proprietary interlayer designed to prevent body passage during physical attacks. Tested to standards such as ASTM F1233 and ASTM F3561, the glazing can withstand sustained physical assaults from tools like bats,��hammers��and crowbars for��nearly 15��minutes. This structural durability offers school administrators a tactical advantage: the time��required��to execute lockdown protocols and await emergency response.��

The baseline of how manufacturers approach these spaces has undergone��a paradigm shift. As Erin Bellis,��Senior��Manager of��Security��Products and��Performance��Specifications at McGrory Glass, points out, school security requirements look vastly different today than they did a couple of decades ago.��

“Fifteen years ago, the industry wasn’t really thinking about security glass in schools,” Bellis explains. “That changed significantly after the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. It forced manufacturers to rethink their products, especially for schools that might not be able to afford more robust ballistic glazing.”��

What makes the Truesdell Elementary installation a benchmark for human-centered design is its technical integration. Rather than treating security zones as isolated barriers, the security glazing was integrated with��Solarban® low-e coatings. This allowed the specialized security panels to match the visual appearance of standard IGUs (insulated glass units) used throughout the rest of the campus.��

By��eliminating��the visual cues of a security barrier, the building��maintains��aesthetic uniformity. Students and staff move between security perimeters and open community spaces without any added psychological weight. Several of the security glass panels feature custom decorative gradient fades fabricated in-house. These gradients enhance occupant comfort and localized privacy while allowing natural light to flood into the learning spaces, proving that proactive school safety and clean design can coexist within the same square foot.��

Erin Bellis is the Senior Manager of Security Products & Specifications at McGrory Glass Systems.

The post Invisible Hardening: Designing Safe, Sunlit K-12 Spaces Through Human-Centered Design appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Invisible Hardening: Designing Safe, Sunlit K-12 Spaces Through Human-Centered Design appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

By Lindsey Coulter

Construction��recently topped out��on��Metropolitan State University of Denver’s��(MSU Denver)��Summit House, a 12-story student housing development that marks the university’s first on-campus residence hall in its 60-year history. Scheduled for completion in��summer��2027, the approximately $118��million mixed-use development will provide��more than��550 student beds, dining and retail space, and a permanent home for the university’s Classroom to Career Hub.����

Located on the Auraria Campus��(also shared with the Community College of Denver and University of Colorado, Denver) and��across from Ball Arena��(home to the Denver Nuggets and Colorado Avalanche sports teams), the project expands affordable housing while��demonstrating��how mass timber construction can accelerate project delivery and enhance the student experience.

Making a��Mass Timber��Statement

When complete,��Summit House��will be the tallest structure on the downtown-adjacent��tri-institutional��campus. As the tallest mass-timber structure in the state, it will also be��a��showcase��for��the��design and construction��advantages of��this highly renewable building material.

Ryan Marshall, Superintendent for��project builder��PCL Construction, noted that the��thoughtful use of mass timber��helped accelerate construction, as many��components could be��fabricated��off site��down to��a��1/16-inch��tolerance.��By maximizing panel sizes, the design��requires approximately 25 cross-laminated timber panels per residential floor, with the two podium levels composed of concrete.��

��“I’ve got to tip my hat to our architect and structural designer,��because this project was��really��designed around maximizing the capabilities��and efficiencies��of mass timber,” Marshall said.��“”The width of the structure on the dormitory floors is 60 feet,��which is��the longest��[cross-laminated timber]��panel you can feasibly ship without it being an astronomical cost.��In turn,��that makes for a quick install,��because it goes faster and you’re covering more area.”��

While prefabrication speeds construction, it��also��required��significantly more coordination��with��supplier��Mercer Mass Timber��during design.��

“Every penetration in the whole building had to be dialed in,” said��Macy Huffaker, Project Architect with designer SAR+ Architects. “Every light fixture, every shaft, every dimension that they were making out of mass timber had to be locked in a lot earlier than��it��would on something that’s��site built.”����

Martha Nelson, Director of Planning, Design and��Construction for MSU Denver, noted that mass timber was��a good choice��for helping meet the project’s��timeline and��sustainability��goals, but also for enhancing student experience, campus identity, market��differentiation��and long-term institutional value.����

“The most important decision wasn’t choosing mass timber; it was understanding how student housing could advance MSU Denver’s mission to provide a high-quality, accessible and enriching education. Mass timber became one of the ways we delivered on those institutional goals in a sustainable and cost-effective way,” Nelson said.

“There’s plenty of data showing that students who live on campus perform better academically and stay enrolled at higher rates than those who commute,” added Ben Diaz��Senior Development Manager with��Columbia Ventures, which serves as the project’s��developer.��“We’re proud to bring students for a true on-campus college experience, and we hope this project is the first of many��—��helping shift the Auraria campus from a commuter campus to an active, live-in community that blurs the line between downtown and the university.”����

Solving Urban Construction��Challenges

While mass timber and early collaboration��helped��accelerate the building’s timeline, constructing��a large-scale��residence hall��just��off��downtown Denver��required��careful logistical planning.

“One thing that was definitely a concern when I got the project was��figuring��out if a 60-foot panel could make its way into downtown Denver,” Marshall said. “Just making turns and pulling in can be a challenge.”

Getting all materials to the project site required a significant level of planning, including run-throughs with 60-foot semis and coordination with trucking companies that understood the limitations of oversized loads. The team also head to adhere to curfews enforced within the city limits, which prevented deliveries during rush-hour traffic periods.

Delivering Through Partnership

Innovation and creative problem solving was a theme for the project even down to the funding mechanisms. Columbia Ventures, which serves as the project’s developer, partnered with the Auraria Higher Education Center and MSU Denver on this public-private partnership (P3) structure, which leveraged Auraria’s unique P3 statutory authority that helped accelerate project delivery.����

“From a P3 perspective, we could move at a pace and cost structure that’s hard to achieve through traditional public procurement,” said Diaz. “That let us release work quicker and often at a more competitive negotiated rate.”��

This strategy was one reason the project was able to move��from concept to groundbreaking in��just��eight months, which Diaz said is notable for a P3 project��with multiple stakeholders��and goals��happening��on such a dynamic campus.����

“Part of our success��here was MSU Denver’s commitment��to��the project,” Diaz said.��“We would not have been able to make it��at��that pace without their support in this execution methodology.”

Read more about the project in the Design & Construction issue of 91ԭƬ, available now.

The post Fast-Tracking the Future: How Mass Timber and P3 Delivery Are Shaping MSU Denver’s Summit House�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.

The post Fast-Tracking the Future: How Mass Timber and P3 Delivery Are Shaping MSU Denver’s Summit House�� appeared first on 91ԭƬ.